AWS Cloud Services Interview Guide

Detection: We enable **CloudWatch Contributor Insights** on the base table to identify the specific partition keys causing the write spikes. We monitor WriteThrottleEvents and ReadThrottleEvents .
Write Key Salting: To resolve hot partitions, we append a random suffix to the partition key (e.g., USER#109#01 through USER#109#10 ). This distributes writes evenly across up to 10 distinct physical partitions.
Scatter-Gather Queries: To query this salted partition, the application executes 10 query calls in parallel across the salted keys and merges the results in memory.
GSI Write Bottlenecks: If a Global Secondary Index (GSI) gets throttled, it applies backpressure and throttles writes on the base table as well. We scale GSI provisioned throughput to match or exceed the base table's write throughput, avoiding backpressure bottlenecks.

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